Neuron CGI video. Neurons are electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that function to process and transmit information. They are core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Also known as neurones, nerve cells and nerve fibers. Royalty free stock 3d animations from Polymime. All of the cells in our body communicate with each other.  That is how we are able to do so many things in our daily lives.  Neurons are the cells that pass chemical and electrical signals along the pathways in the brain. They come in many shapes and sizes. Their shapes and connections help them carry out unique functions, such as storing memories or controlling muscles. Information from one neuron flows to another neuron across a small gap known as a synapse (SIN-aps).  At the synapse, electrical signals are translated into chemical signals in order to cross the gap.  Once on the other side, the signal becomes electrical again. One sending neuron can connect to several receiving neurons, and one receiving neuron can connect to several sending neurons.